Granicus River--near village of Dimetoka, Turkey

Issus--next to Iskanderun, Turkey

Pinarus River--Payas River, Turkey

Tyre--Sur, Lebanon

Gaza--Gaza, under Israeli control, limited Palestinian autonomy

Alexandria (Egypt)--El Iskandariya, Egypt

Siwah--Siwa

Gaugamela--Tel Gomel, Iraq, between Arbela and Mosul (see below)

Arbela--Arbil, Iraq

Mosul--Al Mawsil, Iraq

Ecbatana--Hamadan, Iran

Babylon--near Al Hillah, Iraq

Persepolis--Marv Dasht, Iran (northeast of Shiraz)

Susa--30 miles west of Shustar, Iran

Maracanda--Samarkand, Uzbekhistan

Oxus River--Amu Darya River, Afghanistan

Jaxartes River--Sur Darya River, Afghanistan

Alexandria Eschate--Leninabad (under Soviet control), Khodjend, Tajikistan

Alexandria Margiane--Merv, Afghanistan

Alexandria Hereion--Herat, Afghanistan

Alexandria Arachosia--Khandahar, Afghanistan

Alexandria Ariorum--Artacoana, Afghanistan

Alexandria on the Oxus--Ai Khanum, Afghanistan

Gedrosian Desert--Sandy desert, Baluchistan, Iran/Pakistan

Kophen--Kabul, Afghanistan

Drapsaca--Kunduz, Afghanistan

Alexandria--Ghazni, Afghanistan

Rhagae--near Tehran, Iran

Caspian Gates--just past Tehran, Iran

Indus River--Indus River, Pakistan

Paropamisus Range --Hindu-Kush Mountains, central Afghanistan

Hydaspes River--Jhelum River, Pakistan

Arachosia-- Afghanistan

Bactra/Zariaspa--Balkh, Afghanistan (next to Mazar-e Sharif)

Drangiana--southwest Afghanistan

Taxila--20 miles nw of Rawalpindi (just west of Islamabad), Pakistan

Tigris River--Dijlah River

Euphrates River--Al Furat River

Phadra--Farah, Afghanistan

Bactria/Sogdiana--Afghanistan, Uzbekhistan, Tajikistan